A Model for Analysis of Bond Valuation By Using Microsoft Excel plus VBA

Monday, January 27, 2014

Is There Any Absolute Zero in the Universe?

In the reference with my previous article of "External Real Forces and Pseudo-Forces to Design a Strategic Plan" posted on link: http://emfps.blogspot.com/2013/12/external-real-forces-and-pseudo-forces.html, I ask you: “Is not really there any “ABSOLUTE ZERO” in the universe with high speed changes?”
The mathematics logic proves us that there is not any “ABSOLUTE ZERO” in the universe with high speed changes. If you perceived the concept of “ABSOLUTE ZERO” referred to the naturalphenomena such as the temperature in Kelvin scale (-273.15 oC) in which Absolute Zero corresponds to no motion at the atomic level, it also works. How?
Let us consider below propositions:
p = There is absolute zero at temperature of -273.15 oC
q = There is not any motion at the atomic level in absolute zero.
We say the composition implication:[If “p” then “q”] will be true, if “p” and “q” are true or both of them are false or only “q” is true.
Now, let me tell you an example that I found about quantum harmonic oscillator as follows:
A diatomic molecule vibrates somewhat like two masses on a spring with a potential energy that depends upon the square of the displacement from equilibrium. But the energy levels are quantized at equally spaced values.
The energy levels of the quantum harmonic oscillator are:
En = (n + 0.5) ђω,    n = 0, 1, 2, 3,…..
ω = 2π (frequency)
ђ = Planck’s constant / 2π
And for a diatomic molecule the natural frequency is of the form:
ω = (k/mr) ^0.5
k = bond force constant
mr = reduced mass
Where the reduced mass is given by:
mr = m1m2/(m1+m2)

This form of the frequency is the same as that for the classical simple harmonic oscillator. The most surprising difference for the quantum case is the so-called zero-point vibration of the n=0 ground state. This implies that molecules are not completely at rest, even at absolute zero temperature.
Therefore, our composition implication (If “p” Then “q”) will be the true, if “p” is the false because “q” is alsothe false. In the result, we have:
There is not any absolute zero at temperature of -273.15 oC”

Another example is:“Physicists of the Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich and the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics in Garching have now created an atomic gas in the lab that has nonetheless negative Kelvin values (Science, Jan 4, 2013).”
You can read the article of “Researchers force a gas to a temperature below absolute zero” byBob Yirka on Jan 04, 2013 posted on below link;



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